Balance of payments of the Republic of Lithuania for Q2 2025

the surplus on the current account balance (CAB) increased from €10.3 million to €137.9 million, compared to the first quarter of 2025, and amounted to 0.7% of gross domestic product (GDP). This development was mainly determined by a rise in the surplus on the balance of services which was not offset by a larger deficit on primary income balance. A slight increase in the foreign trade balance deficit (0.6%) was influenced by exports of goods, which decreased more than imports (1.8% and 2.3% respectively). The said deficit amounted to €1.6 billion. Compared to the previous quarter, after exports of services rose by 12.8% and imports of services went up by 7.5% (€710.4 million and €260.6 million respectively), the surplus on the balance of services grew by 21.8%, totalling €2.5 billion;

the deficit on primary income balance increased by a factor of 1.8 and amounted to €755.6 million; this was mainly influenced by a rise in the deficit on the investment income balance (€828.1 million) as a result of higher reinvestment and dividends paid out to investors in Lithuania;

The secondary income balance turned from deficit to surplus and amounted to €22.3 million. It was triggered by financial aid for the general government received from the European Union (EU).

For comparison: a year ago, the CAB was also in surplus and stood at €596.4 million, or 3.1% of GDP at current prices (see Chart 1);

the surplus on the capital account increased by a factor of 1.4 quarter on quarter and amounted to €285.5 million. The surplus was mainly a result of transfers from EU structural support funds dedicated to financing investment projects;

over the reporting period, the net flow of financial account investment was negative and stood at €1.8 billion, or -8.8% of GDP. It was underpinned by a rise in negative net flows of other investment and direct investment (€2.9 billion and €1.2 billion respectively), which were not offset by a positive net flow of portfolio investment (€2.1 billion) and increased official reserve assets (€204.1 million).

For comparison: in the second quarter of 2024, the net flow of financial account investment was positive and stood at €2.5 billion, or 13.1% of GDP at current prices (see Chart 2);

the net international investment position was negative and amounted to €2.9 billion, or -3.6% of GDP, at the end of the second quarter of this year. A year ago, it amounted to €1.2 billion, or -1.6% of GDP at current prices;

at the end of the reporting period, Lithuania’s gross external debt stood at €69.2 billion, or 85.4% of GDP, while the net external debt amounted to -€8.2 billion, or -10.2% of GDP, i.e. Lithuania’s assets abroad exceeded foreign liabilities.

For comparison: a year ago, Lithuania’s gross external debt stood at €54.2 billion, or 71.5% of GDP, while the net external debt amounted to -€9.3 billion, or -12.3% of GDP.

Chart 1. CAB and its composite flows as a percentage of GDP

Chart 2. Net financial account investment flows as a percentage of GDP

It should be noted that, when calculating the balance of payments for the second quarter of 2025, quarterly and monthly balance of payments and international investment position data from the first quarter of 2024 to the first quarter of 2025 were revised.

Detailed data on the balance of payments and international investment position as well as external debt is available on Lietuvos bankas’ website (under External statistics).

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Statistics, External statistics