Bank of Lithuania
Collector coin

Dedicated to Herman Perelstein, founder of the Boys’ and Youth Choir Ąžuoliukas, on the occasion of his 100th birth anniversary

Kolekcinė moneta

A short summary of the life of Herman Perelstein (1923–1998) could be expressed by one simple sentence: He was the founder of the Ąžuoliukas Boys Choir. This would best describe the meaning of his life, and the essence of his exceptional personality.

Ąžuoliukas, which means ‘a small oak tree’ in Lithuanian, was the result of Herman Perelstein’s enviable will and determination. For several decades it has been a prominent feature of Lithuania’s musical culture. In establishing the choir, Perelstein (albeit clearly unintentionally) became the founding father of a new tradition, because before him Lithuania had never had a single boys’ choir worth mentioning; and since 1959 as many as nine new boys’ choirs have appeared.

The musician and teacher lived a life that would make a suitable story for a rather grim and challenging film. 

Herman Perelstein
Herman Perelstein
Photo by Algis Palionis. Lithuanian Central State Archives
Kolekcinė moneta

Summer camp of 1969 in Laurai, Vilnius district. Preparation for the first tour abroad in Poland
Photo by Algimantas Brazaitis. Personal archives of Darius Krasauskas

Kolekcinė moneta

 

The Soviet occupation of Lithuania in the summer of 1940 was the start of the most horrific period in the life of the 17-year-old Herman. His deportation to Siberia and the loss of both his parents was just the beginning. He spent 15 long years thousands of kilometres away from Kaunas, the city of his childhood. On returning to Lithuania, he qualified as a choir conductor in Vilnius, and then in 1959 he started a boys’ choir, which was a significant achievement for a Jew under the largely anti-Semitic Soviet regime. Just five years later, the local press considered his singers to be some of the brightest stars on the local music scene, and soon Ąžuoliukas became the nation’s best choir.

Perelstein, whose shrewdness, communication skills and candour earned him many friends, and also a handful of powerful enemies, eventually turned his choir into a distinct community, in which, according to one singer, ‘Soviet rule did not exist’.  

As a teacher and a choir leader, Perelstein never risked openly showing his dissident tendencies. Instead, he did so in a rather more subtle way, through the music his choir sang. Even during the toughest years of the Soviet regime, which saw any manifestation of religion in the arts as unacceptable, his boys sang a number of pieces of sacral music. Unlike most other Lithuanian choirs, Ąžuoliukas always included only the minimum of what was termed ‘Red’ songs in its programmes.

 

With each passing year, under Perelstein’s guidance, the boys attracted more international acclaim. In 1976, Ąžuoliukas was invited to give a concert in the White House for the bicentenary of the United States, an honour that the singers from Vilnius were denied by officials in Moscow, who had also cancelled their tours in France and Belgium.

In his everyday life, Perelstein had to deal with the jealousy of his colleagues, one of whom was once frank enough to declare that a Jew should not lead Lithuania’s best choir. Others did their best to exclude the beloved teacher of choir conducting from attaining even the lowest academic grade at the Vilnius Conservatoire.

Unsurprisingly, exhausted by the almost daily stress, and following the insistent invitations from his brother, in early 1979, Perelstein decided to leave Lithuania for the United States. He worked as a teacher in several schools and universities in New York, and conducted a boys’ choir he founded, in an apparent attempt to replicate his earlier self. This soon proved too difficult, as did finding trustworthy friends and forming deep relationships.

Today Ąžuoliukas, his lifelong passion and only true love, is still a distinguished musical force in Lithuania. The choir has sung music of almost all major genres, from Renaissance motets and Baroque oratorios to jazz and contemporary choral pieces. Although it never paid much attention to participating in competitions, Ąžuoliukas has nonetheless won a number of prizes in Europe’s leading contests. The choir has toured Japan, the United States, Canada, and two dozen European countries.

It all began in Vilnius in the autumn of 1959, when Herman Perelstein, who was then 36 years old, brought together a handful of boys for their first rehearsal, after hand-picking them from various schools across the city. Even the first name of the choir has an undeniably poetic ring to it: the Boys’ Choir of the Club of the Automatic Telephone Station in Vilnius.

Darius Krasauskas

  • Herman Perelstein
    Herman Perelstein
    Photo by Eugenijus Šiško. Lithuanian Central State Archives
  • The future choirmaster is seventeen in the passport issued in 1940
    The future choirmaster is seventeen in the passport issued in 1940
    Kaunas Regional State Archives
  • Before a concert in Vilnius Cathedral, 1970
    Before a concert in Vilnius Cathedral, 1970
    Unknown photographer. Personal archives of Darius Krasauskas
  • Maestro’s speech before a concert in East Germany, 1977
    Maestro’s speech before a concert in East Germany, 1977
    Photo by Bernardas Vasiliauskas. Personal archives of Darius Krasauskas
  • Many remember the Maestro as an unparalleled educator, a sensitive musician and an emotional conductor
    Many remember the Maestro as an unparalleled educator, a sensitive musician and an emotional conductor
    Photo by Algimantas Žižiūnas. Lithuanian Central State Archives
  • “Above all, I value human traits of a person, not education!” (Writing by the Maestro on the other side of the photo)
    “Above all, I value human traits of a person, not education!” (Writing by the Maestro on the other side of the photo)
    Photo by Algimantas Žižiūnas. Lithuanian Central State Archives

Coin dedicated to the Boys’ and Youth Choir Ąžuoliukas on the occasion of the 100th birth anniversary of its founder Herman Perelstein

Denomination:
€5
Composition:
silver Ag 925
Diameter:
28.70 mm
Weight:
12.44 g
Quality:
proof
Designed by
Egidijus Rapolis
On the edge of the coin
symbols
Kolekcinė moneta
Release date
15 November 2023
Mintage
3,000 pcs
Coin price
EUR 60.00 (inclusive of VAT)
Minted at
the Lithuanian Mint

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